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Network Protocol

A network protocol is a collection of guidelines that determine how devices on a network interact and exchange information. The type of protocol doesn’t matter – different devices and systems can communicate regardless of their hardware, software, or geographic location –  and the data is transmitted as though all devices follow the same standards. 

Network protocols cover parameters like how data is formatted, transmitted, and received. They usually fall into one of the three categories: communication protocol, security protocols, and management protocols. 

Network Communication Protocols

  • Hyperext Transfer Protocol (HTTP) is used for transmitting web pages and content appearing in them.
  • Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) allows applications and computing devices to communicate.
  • Internet Protocol (IP) routes data packets from one device to another.
  • User Datagram Protocol (UDP) is used for time-sensitive data transfers, like streaming or online gaming, but doesn’t guarantee its delivery. 
  • File Transfer Protocol (FTP) is used for transferring files between a client and server.

Network Security Protocols

  • Secure File Transfer Protocol (SFTP) is an encrypted protocol that safely transfers files.
  • Hypertext Transfer Protocol Secure (HTTPS) transfers web data between a browser and a server with an extra security layer.
  • Secure Socket Layer (SSL) is a protocol designed for servers and web browsers that encrypts data between them, and ensures privacy.

Network Management Protocols

  • Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP) is used to monitor and manage devices like routers.
  • Internet Control Message Protocol (ICMP) is used for reporting errors and, for example, whether you can reach the device.

Why Are Network Protocols Important?

In short, network protocols allow different services and applications like email, web browsing, file sharing, and real-time communication to work smoothly.